This example uses OpenLayers v10.9.0. The latest is v.
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#### Permalink

permalink 2 openstreetmap 22 history 1

#####

Example on how to create permalinks.

In this example the HTML 5 History API is used to update the browser URL with the current zoom-level, center and rotation when the map is moved.

##### main.js

    import Map from 'ol/Map.js';
    import View from 'ol/View.js';
    import TileLayer from 'ol/layer/Tile.js';
    import OSM from 'ol/source/OSM.js';

    // default zoom, center and rotation
    let zoom = 2;
    let center = [0, 0];
    let rotation = 0;

    if (window.location.hash !== '') {
      // try to restore center, zoom-level and rotation from the URL
      const hash = window.location.hash.replace('#map=', '');
      const parts = hash.split('/');
      if (parts.length === 4) {
        zoom = parseFloat(parts[0]);
        center = [parseFloat(parts[1]), parseFloat(parts[2])];
        rotation = parseFloat(parts[3]);
      }
    }

    const map = new Map({
      layers: [
        new TileLayer({
          source: new OSM(),
        }),
      ],
      target: 'map',
      view: new View({
        center: center,
        zoom: zoom,
        rotation: rotation,
      }),
    });

    let shouldUpdate = true;
    const view = map.getView();
    const updatePermalink = function () {
      if (!shouldUpdate) {
        // do not update the URL when the view was changed in the 'popstate' handler
        shouldUpdate = true;
        return;
      }

      const center = view.getCenter();
      const hash =
        '#map=' +
        view.getZoom().toFixed(2) +
        '/' +
        center[0].toFixed(2) +
        '/' +
        center[1].toFixed(2) +
        '/' +
        view.getRotation();
      const state = {
        zoom: view.getZoom(),
        center: view.getCenter(),
        rotation: view.getRotation(),
      };
      window.history.pushState(state, 'map', hash);
    };

    map.on('moveend', updatePermalink);

    // restore the view state when navigating through the history, see
    // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowEventHandlers/onpopstate
    window.addEventListener('popstate', function (event) {
      if (event.state === null) {
        return;
      }
      map.getView().setCenter(event.state.center);
      map.getView().setZoom(event.state.zoom);
      map.getView().setRotation(event.state.rotation);
      shouldUpdate = false;
    });

##### index.html

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
      <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Permalink</title>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="node_modules/ol/ol.css">
        <style>
          .map {
            width: 100%;
            height: 400px;
          }
        </style>
      </head>
      <body>
        <div id="map" class="map"></div>

        <script type="module" src="main.js"></script>
      </body>
    </html>

##### package.json

    {
      "name": "permalink",
      "dependencies": {
        "ol": "10.9.0"
      },
      "devDependencies": {
        "vite": "^3.2.3"
      },
      "scripts": {
        "start": "vite",
        "build": "vite build"
      }
    }